What is the layer that lies next to the lumen of the intestinal tract?

Also, how does a child have an Rh factor problem before birth?What is the layer that lies next to the lumen of the intestinal tract?
ANSWER: next to lumen lies the MUCOSA


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http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/Cor鈥?/a>


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NOW SEE in DEPTH....................





The lumen-----%26gt; going from inside the lumen radially outwards, one passes...





1 layer: THE MUCOSA (THE ANSWER)


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Anatomical stucture details





---%26gt;consists of glandular epithelium with goblet cells, which secrete mucus.


----%26gt;This layer is provided with VILLI, which are vaginations of the mucosa and increase the overall surface area of the intestine.


---%26gt;Microvilli are present on the epithelium of a villus and further increase the surface area over which absorption can take place.





2 layer: MUSCULARIS MUCOSA


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details:


-----%26gt;The next layer is the muscularis mucosa which is a layer of smooth muscle that aids in the action of continued peristalsis along the gut.





3 layer: SUBMUCOSA


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Details:


-----%26gt;The submucosa contains nerves, blood vessels and elastic fibre with collagen that stretches with increased capacity but maintains the shape of the intestine.





4. muscularis externa (with long. and smooth muscles)


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Surrounding this is the muscularis externa which comprises longitudinal and smooth muscle that again helps with continued peristalsis and the movement of digested material out of and along the gut.





4. SEROSA


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(made up of loose connective tissue and coated in mucus)





serosa is made up of loose connective tissue and coated in mucus so as to prevent friction damage from the intestine rubbing against other tissue. Holding all this in place are the mesenteries which suspend the intestine in the abdominal cavity and stop it being disturbed when a person is physically active.


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ANSWER to your second question ( Blood gr Rh+/Rh-)





1. Most individuals are Rh-positive, which means they have the D antigen; less than 15 percent of the population lack this antigen and are Rh-negative. Although anti-D antibodies are not naturally present, the antigen is so highly immunogenic (able to provoke an immune response) that anti-D antibodies will develop if an Rh-negative person is transfused with Rh-positive blood.


This above mentioned case may occured when a e.g a wife ( or a woman) has got Rh- and her husband with Rh+. During pregnency with first child, there would be no problem. The blood group of the child must be Rh+ and it will induce an D-antibody.


During the second pregnency this D-antibody developed before may cause some harm with the child yet in the mother' placenta.......... I am including a medical report of such case.


GO TO THIS GIVEN SITE TO READ THE DETAILS......


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